Coverage
Explore the connections between Russia's resource industries and the wider economy. Coverage includes oil, natural gas, LNG, coal, metals and agricultural commodities, with attention to export routes, prices, production and public revenue. We distinguish physical volumes from sales values and announced projects from operating capacity, placing official releases and independent estimates alongside the limits of available evidence.
ExplainerTrade & Sanctions
Energy remains central to Russia's export earnings, alongside metals, food and chemicals. Understanding the mix requires separating prices from quantities and customs from external accounts.
The October 15 measures name three people and nine entities; the Council says the targets helped move restricted goods, oil or payments through international networks.
AnalysisBudget
The proposed 2027 to 2029 budget combines continued deficits with a fiscal-rule adjustment; the revenue assumptions and financing needs deserve separate scrutiny.
ExplainerBudget
The fund's headline size is not a cash balance; liquidity, valuation and the rules for using assets determine how much fiscal support it can provide.
ExplainerTrade & Sanctions
China is an important buyer and supplier for Russia, but trade totals, energy routes and settlement currencies reveal different kinds of dependence.
ExplainerTrade & Sanctions
Sanctions restrict particular financial, trade and technology channels; judging their effects requires separating legal measures, adaptation costs and uncertain counterfactuals.
ExplainerBudget
Read the federal budget by separating tax receipts, spending commitments, financing and the assumptions behind each three-year plan.
ExplainerEnergy
Russia's energy earnings depend on the price actually received, the route to the buyer and the tax system, not simply on the number of barrels exported.
ExplainerEconomy
Russia's economy combines commodity exports, a large domestic service sector and an influential state; the links between them matter more than any single headline.
